414 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study reveals that in ascidian embryos, the spatiotemporal regulation of LGN/NuMA enrichment and astral microtubule growth at the shared cell contact orchestrates mirror-symmetric spindle rotations through a sequential mechanism where cytoplasmic pulling during early mitosis is followed by enhanced cortical pulling during anaphase.
This study reveals that chromatin adaptors (Treacle and NBS1) and TOPBP1 condensates cooperate through a two-component mechanism, where adaptors provide molecular specificity and condensates establish the spatial organization necessary for robust ATM signaling at both rDNA breaks and general DNA double-strand breaks.
This study demonstrates that the vacuolar H+ ATPase in *Leishmania mexicana* is essential for stress survival and differentiation by maintaining lysosomal acidity to facilitate autophagy, while also identifying the contractile vacuole complex as a major site of its localization.
This study reveals that DAAM1 formin and Ena/VASP proteins assemble distinct, biochemically specific actin filament networks at focal adhesions—mediated by Tpm3.2 and α-actinin, respectively—to orchestrate the separate processes of focal adhesion disassembly and maturation.
This study identifies endogenous FGF2 as a rod photoreceptor-derived survival factor that protects against ischemic stress without driving pathological retinal neovascularization, thereby distinguishing neuronal adaptation from vascular remodeling in ischemic retinopathy.
This study establishes the first endogenous lipid droplet proteome and lipidome atlas of neural stem cells, revealing state-specific molecular signatures and identifying CIDEB as a key protein that maintains quiescence by regulating lipid droplet morphology and preventing senescence.
This study demonstrates that in salivary acinar cells, the GTPase Cdc42 coordinates apical membrane formation and secretory granule maturation by post-transcriptionally maintaining specific v-SNAREs, VAMP2 and VAMP4, which are essential for AQP5 delivery and granule condensation, respectively.
This study utilizes an AAV-delivered reporter system to demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair occurs at varying rates across postnatal cardiac and skeletal muscles and their stem cells depending on developmental timing, ultimately enabling the successful rescue of the dystrophin mutation in mdx mice.
Depletion of the replication licensing inhibitor Geminin triggers replication stress and activates the ATR-Chk1-Wee1 checkpoint axis, which prolongs G2 phase and causes premature centriole disengagement, ultimately leading to centrosome amplification.
This study provides the first molecular evidence that perialgal vacuole membrane maturation is a temporally regulated checkpoint during the establishment of photoendosymbiosis in *Paramecium tritobursaria*, demonstrated by the time-dependent appearance of a specific membrane antigen 48 to 72 hours after algal uptake.